Helms was born in St. Davids, Pa., the son of an Alcoa executive and grandson of a leading international banker. He was set up. In the early 1970s, the agency was further compromised when several of its employees were arrested in the break-in at the Democratic National Headquarters at the Watergate Hotel in Washington. Julia apparently favored the Democratic Party. In 1973, Helms was pushed out of the directorship by President Richard Nixon, who was reportedly angry that his CIA chief had not helped thwart the Watergate investigation. They divorced in 1968. He rose quickly and became national advertising director within a year. Helms was named director, a post he would hold for six years. The Measure of a Man is the earliest attempt to publish King's sermons in book form. In part because of his foreign language skills, he was able to hook up with the United Press in London and soon after was sent to Berlin. He became a consultant to businesses that made investments in other countries. Meanwhile, his friend Richard Helms was also on a fast track. Helms, who was present at the creation of the agency in 1947 during the Cold War, was an important operations man in the agency for two decades. A separate inquiry by the Rockefeller Commission also faulted Mr. Helms for poor judgment for destroying documents and tape recordings that might have assisted Watergate investigators. Born on March 30, 1913, in St. Davids, Pa., Richard McGarrah Helms -- he avoided using the middle name -- was the son of an Alcoa executive and grandson of a leading international banker, Gates. He is survived by his wife, the former Cynthia McKelvie, whom he married in 1968; and a son from his first marriage, Dennis Helms. Richard McGarrah Helms was born in St. Davids, Pa., to a family of financial means. During most of his tenure as C.I.A. According to Helms's assistant, George McManus, the main reason Helms did not tell his boss about mob involvement in assassination conspiracies was because McCone would have considered it "morally reprehensible.". , 13). Later, Helms served as U.S. ambassador to Iran. Divorces Julia Bretzman Shields. The prison term was suspended. This snapshot of Julia Helms's life was captured by the 1940 U.S. Census.Julia Helms was born about 1908. When times changed and Congress demanded to know about CIA spying on American citizens, or efforts to kill Cubas Fidel Castro or to overthrow the government of Socialist President Salvador Allende in Chile, Helms felt no obligation to fully assist panels investigating those matters. He had graduated from Yale before the war and attended Harvard Law School for a year. 'His marriage, to Julia Bretzman Shields in 1939, was to make a major differ- ence to his later career, in an unusual way. That reputation grew in 1973, when Mr. Helms clashed with President Nixon, who sought his help in thwarting an F.B.I. The newsmen had been invited to a luncheon with the Fhrer during a weeklong Nazi Party Congress meeting. . His father was an Alcoa executive and his maternal grandfather a leading international banker. who are visiting Mrs. Wilson's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Gwynn F. Patterson; Mrs. Julia Bretzman Shields, Richard Helms and Dr. : 'Walter Bruetsch. He did not welcome congressional inquiry or oversight. His biggest scoop, he said, was an exclusive interview with Hitler. He grew up in South Orange, N.J., and was schooled in Europe, where he became versed in languages and fluent in French and German. He will be buried at Arlington National Ceremony on Nov. 20. Mr. Helms, who was allowed to receive his government pension, put his intelligence experience to use after his retirement. He was previously married to Julia Bretzman Shields and Cynthia McKelvie. Impressum | See search results for this author. Another Senate panel, the Foreign Relations Committee, found that Helms had lied when he insisted the CIA had not tried to overthrow Allende or offer financial support to the socialist leaders political opponents. Richard Helms, a former director of central intelligence who defiantly guarded some of the darkest secrets of the Cold War, died Tuesday night (Oct. 22, 2002) of multiple myeloma. I will miss his priceless counsel and warm friendship.". He covered the Berlin Olympics in 1936 and interviewed a number of the leading figures of the day, including skater Sonja Henie. He got a job on the retail advertising staff of the Indianapolis Times where he soon rose to be its national advertising manager.Powers (1979) at 20-22. That particular letter is one that only agency employees and their guests can see. The highly polished surface of the sculpture accentuates the solid yet graceful posture of the alert feline. The elected Marxist leader was eventually overthrown and died in a CIA-assisted coup in 1973. He was assigned to Berlin at the end of the war and worked for Allen Dulles, who would later become head of the CIA himself. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Hypnosis and drugs were central elements of the programs that encompassed CIA mind control and behavior modification research of this era. Allende was killed in 1973 when a right-wing coup overthrew his government. Mr. Helms believed he had performed well in a job that, although many Americans considered it sinister and undemocratic, was nevertheless a cold-blooded necessity in an era of cold war. colleagues, who gave him a standing, cheering ovation, then passed the hat and raised the $2,000 for his fine. Asked for an example of Helms's characteristic utterance, three of his old friends came up with the same dry phrase, 'Let's get on with it.' During most of his tenure as C.I.A. President Reagan awarded him the National Security Medal in a White House ceremony. He is known for Frontline (1983), Les mercredis de l'histoire (1995) and Watergate (1994). He would serve longer as director of central intelligence than anyone except Allen Dulles, the legendary spymaster who led the CIA from 1953 to 1961. As for the initials "MK," the words "mind control" come to mind, though the origin of this code name has never been found. He later married Cynthia McKelvie, who survives him. Thats the way it often goes in CIA families. "I didn't want to lie. Together they formed the "perfect storm." He served under such men as Allen W. Dulles, Richard M. Bissell, John A. McCone and Vice Adm. William F. Raborn. Former CIA Director Richard Helms, who ran afoul of Congress for failing to fully disclose the agencys questionable activities at home and abroad, has died. In that capacity, in 1955, Mr. Helms impressed his superiors by supervising the secret digging of a 500-yard tunnel from West Berlin to East Berlin to tap the main Soviet telephone lines between Moscow and East Berlin. He served under such men as Allen W. Dulles, Richard M. Bissell, John A. McCone and Vice Adm. William F. Raborn. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/23/obituaries/richard-m-helms-dies-at-89-dashing-exchief-of-the-cia.html. Another telling public reaction from Richard Helms that adds insight into his character was delivered during a lecture for students at Johns Hopkins University in the fall of 1972. See full bio Born: March 30, 1913 in St. Davids, Pennsylvania, USA Died: It was the results of these experiments that most interested Richard Helms and American intelligence. He graduated second in his class in 1935 and decided to go into the field of journalism. Following the 1947 creation of the Central Intelligence Agency (CI Mr. Helms believed he had performed well in a job that, although many Americans considered it sinister and undemocratic, was nevertheless a cold-blooded necessity in an era of cold war. So-called terrorism may get a new lease on life. He had a chance to get in the bunker early and grab that stuff, Dennis said, shrugging during an interview at a restaurant in Princeton near his home. Over the next several months, the agency would contemplate schemes for Castro's overthrow or assassination, but none ever materialized. The obituary of Richard M. Helms, which appeared Oct. 24, incorrectly reported the ailment that led to his death. Dennis figured the original was safer in Langley. Dennis wanted to be like his father in some ways. President Lyndon B. Johnson named him director in 1966. . 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Colby, who succeeded Schlesinger as director of central intelligence, quietly briefed House and Senate overseers on the contents of the report, which became known in the agency as "the family jewels." The committee's job was to monitor reports of covert approaches to CIA officers by McCarthy agents and to plug any leaks. WASHINGTON Oct. 23 — Richard Helms, a former director of central intelligence who defiantly guarded some of the darkest secrets of the cold war, died today of multiple myeloma. (Published 10/25/02). At CIA headquarters in Langley, one of the newest artifacts in the agencys private museum is a message from a father to his 3-year-old son. Over the next 20 years, Mr. Helms rose through the agency's ranks, and in 1966 he came the first career official to head the C.I.A. His father, Lt. Col. James H. Angleton, had worked for a US firm in Italy and, with the outbreak of war, the elder Angleton also wound up working in intelligence under General Donovan. 222 0 obj <> endobj Member Phi Beta Kappa. For example, at Dachau, inmates were immersed in cold water to determine how long a downed pilot would last in frigid seas. In that sense, he was a little frustrating, he said. versttning med sammanhang av "years his senior" i engelska-ukrainska frn Reverso Context: Stone was four years his senior and came from one of Oxford's older families. . After the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, Helms joined the Navy and moved his family to his parents' home in South Orange, New Jersey. Boston, Cincinnati Guests Included Helms and Dulles, who was then Chief of Mission in Berne, Switzerland, met at General Dwight Eisenhower's headquarters when Germany surrendered on May 8, 1945. , , , . In his biography, The Man Who Kept the Secrets, Thomas Powers wrote that Helms style was cool by choice and temperament; his instinct was to soften differences, to find a middle ground, to tone down operations that were getting out of hand, to give faltering projects one more chance rather than shut them down altogether, to settle for compromise in the interests of bureaucratic peace.. Two years later, he pleaded no contest to failing to testify fully before the committee. He died on October 22, 2002 in Washington, District of Columbia, USA. A Secret Order: Investigating the High Strangeness and Synchronicity in the JFK Assassination. Schorr had been broadcasting news stories about the CIA Mafia assassination conspiracies and was seeking a response from the director himself. But he didnt seriously consider a clandestine career because he didnt want to cope with the expectations of being the son of Richard Helms, a founding member of the agency who was appointed director in 1966. Father: Herman H. Helms Mother: Marion (McGarrah) Helms Spouse: In response to this request, the agency in 1967 launched a domestic surveillance program known as "Operation Chaos," which became the focus of intense controversy when it was disclosed publicly by The New York Times in 1975. By July 1952, Helms had been appointed acting chief of the CIA's Clandestine Division and in the following year became deputy to Frank Wisner, the Deputy Director of Plans. His years in Tehran coincided with the final period of the rule of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, with whom Mr. Helms had a good relationship. This is the same school the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, attended. This letter was an opportunity to say what was on his mind, said Dennis Helms, Richards only child. The Hitler letter arrived in a brown envelope, postmarked May29, 1945, and bearing two 3-cent purple stamps with the words: WIN THE WAR. The recipient: Master Dennis J. Helms c/o Mrs. Richard Helms, of Orange, N.J. After his introductory lines, Helms wrote of Hitler: He had a thirst for power, a low opinion of man as an individual, and a fear of intellectual honesty. Helms had such a sense of his own moment in history, she said. - 22 October 2002) (his death) Mr. Helms said outside the courtroom that he wore his conviction ''like a badge of honor,'' and added: ''I don't feel disgraced at all. Mr. Helms kept a low public profile as director of central intelligence, and he avoided publicity. Through much of his tenure, Helms -- with his solid background in the agency during the Cold War -- was well-regarded by congressional oversight panels and the news media. colleagues, who gave him a standing, cheering ovation, then passed the hat and raised the $2,000 for his fine. . was able to eavesdrop on Moscow's conversations with officials in East Germany and Poland. Frank Brown Shields.He married Julia L. Bretzman, daughter of Charles Bretzman and Bertha Grauel. While with the OSS dur- ing the war, Helms made contact with a handful of men who would remain influential . Foreword by Dr. Henry C. Lee, Preface, Chapter 1: Richard Helms, The Strategist, Chapter 2: The Sociopathy Test, Chapter 3: James Angleton, The Tactician, Chapter 4: Assassinations Past, Chapter 5: Lee Harvey Oswald, An Unwitting Patsy, Chapter 6: November 22, 1963, the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Chapter 7: Sirhan Bishara Sirhan, an Involuntary Pawn, Chapter 8: June 5, 1968, the Assassination of Sen. Robert F. Kennedy, Chapter 9: Conclusion, Notes, Index, Readers who cant get enough of speculation about the JFK and RFK assassinations should definitely give [CIA Rogues and the Killing of the Kennedys] a read . At the time of this writing, several US congressmen and veterans' groups are sponsoring a bill that will provide medical care for American military personnel who unknowingly took part in military research between 1954 and 1973. Richard Helms, a former director of central intelligence who defiantly guarded some of the darkest secrets of the cold war, died of multiple myeloma today. His wife and son . In 1939 he married Julia Bretzman Shields, and they had a son, Dennis, who became a lawyer. It was not until June 2006 that the National Archives in Washington released twenty-seven thousand pages of declassified post-World War II documents revealing the extent of the CIA's collaboration with ex-Nazis. Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 October 23, 2002) served as the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from June 1966 to February 1973. the best of his generation and profession. who was born in Indianapolis, Indiana to Charles Bretzman of Hannover, Germany and Berta W. Bretzman of Minnesota. . Shields, Judith L. "Judy"September 10, 1949 - May 24, 2022Preceded in death by husband, James W. Shields, Sr.Survived by children, Jim Jr. (Lisa), Scott, Laura Lewis . But the most contentious criticism of Mr. Helms centered on Chile. Helms replied, "I don't remember." How do we create a person's profile? Less horrific experiments carried out by Nazi scientists were conducted in order to find ways in which to control prisoners and make them reveal secret information. He was 89. 229 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0FE81A3C1E7EFE44AF36D8950331A64D><1C923204F3452F4692C304A98FB5F8E8>]/Index[222 28]/Info 221 0 R/Length 55/Prev 24142/Root 223 0 R/Size 250/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream In this brave. She married Frank Shields on 15 May 1929. Although passed over for promotion in the late 1950s, Helms resurfaced in the early 60s when questions arose about intelligence gathering in the wake of the Bay of Pigs debacle in Cuba. Julia Helms was born about 1908. Mr. Helms pleaded no contest in 1977 to two misdemeanor counts of failing to testify fully four years earlier to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Later that day he went to a reunion of former C.I.A. The Agency's behavior control program was built upon research experiments carried out during the Korean War (19501953). His wife is Julia Bretzman Shields (1939 - 1968) ( divorced) ( 1 child), Cynthia McKelvie (? For a short time, Helms worked closely with Allen Dulles, a World War I spymaster who would eventually become CIA director (1953 1961). In his personal life, Mr. Helms was known as an avid tennis player and sports fan, with a dry wit that showed when he was with friends, and, with his wife Cynthia, he was active in the Washington. Oktober 2002 in Washington, D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer Geheimdienstfunktionr, dessen Karriere ihren Hhepunkt in einer siebenjhrigen Amtsperiode als Director of Central Intelligence hatte. These individuals were picked because, due to their social and economic circumstances, they typically would have little recourse if they discovered the true nature of their predicament. I felt obliged to keep some of this stuff in other words, not volunteer a good deal of information, he told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in 1975. He went to London and became a European correspondent for United Press. The CIA's mind control research program was renamed ARTICHOKE in 1952. Helms's unauthorized use of the Mafia in various operations was typical, particularly his attempts to eliminate Cuba's Fidel Castro. After World War I, his parents, Herman and Marion, moved the family to New York City and later to South Orange, New Jersey, where his father worked as an executive with the Aluminum Company of America. When the CIA was established, Helms was one of the architects of the new organization. Helms was convicted on only federal misdemeanor charges of misleading Congress after the Justice Department, in a rare move, sought a plea agreement to avoid a public trial in which top-secret information might be disclosed. "I had found myself in a position of conflict," he told a Federal judge at the formal proceeding on his plea bargain with the Justice Department. James Angleton, another master spy who had spent World War II working with the OSS in Italy, also stayed. For a better shopping experience, please upgrade now. Through most of the 1950s, he was a leading recruiter and trainer of intelligence agents working in the Eastern Bloc. But in the national malaise that accompanied the war in Vietnam and the Watergate scandal, much of the popular mystique that attended CIA service had dissolved. Learn how to enable JavaScript on your browser, Richard Helms walked briskly from a hearing room in Washington, DC, on April 28, 1975. That resulted in a 693-page compendium of agency misdeeds, including assassination attempts, burglaries, electronic eavesdropping and LSD testing of people without their knowledge. He later married Cynthia McKelvie, who survives him. He lives with his wife in West Hartford, Connecticut. : The Government Conspiracy in the JFK Assassination. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. With his new assignment, he inherited a pressure campaign from the White House to get rid of Castro by other means. He attended Williams College, where he was president of his class, editor of the campus newspaper and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. The so-called "mind control gap" would provide a strong impetus for greater CIA funding. It did not report the cause of death, but Helms had been in failing health for some time. In the face of the Communist challenge, the US military sought to prepare its soldiers for survival in the event they were captured by the enemy. But during this time, the agency was also conducting operations that would change public perceptions of the role of intelligence gathering. ex-husband Private child view all Julia Bretzman Shields's Timeline Education: Williams College, B.A., 1935. In pursuit of that goal, he paid his own fare to London, where he became a European reporter for United Press. He wasnt a guy who started stories by saying, You know, we were assembled at the checkpoint and we moved here and there. It was as if he landed from a spaceship and was beamed down., (It turns out that before he joined the OSS, Helms, who was fluent in German, was a United Press reporter and was among a group of journalists who got to interview Hitler in 1936 after one of his rallies. WASHINGTON Richard Helms, the quintessential intelligence and espionage officer who joined the Central Intelligence Agency at its founding in 1947 and rose through the ranks to lead it for more. Now I am afraid that we are entering a troubled time, but of a different kind. For a man who considered himself a genuine patriot, it was a bleak note on which to end his professional career. Dad liked it that way.. One part still confuses Dennis: The letter is dated V-E Day. Heidorf / Roentgen Home Page:Information about Julia L. Bretzman Home Page |Surname List |Index of Individuals | |Sources Julia L. Bretzman Julia L. Bretzman (daughter of Charles Bretzman and Bertha Grauel).She married (1) Frank Brown Shields.She married (2) Richard McGarrah Helms. Most of the subjects tested did not know the nature of the tests being given to them. Richard Helms and Julia Bretzman Shields Joseph S. Farland and Virgina Christopher H. Monroe Browne and Mary Frances Ashby Elmer E. Rasmuson and Lile Bernard Frank A. O'Connor and Mabel Conover John J. Fitzpatrick and Olivia Perez Robert S. Barkell and Eunice Helena Force Ernest J. Seemann and Esther Virginia Vice For example, memos from the 1950s show that the CIA hid knowledge of the whereabouts of notorious Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann who had escaped to Argentina. He was class president, editor of the school newspaper and the yearbook, and was president of the senior honor society. I was simply trying to find my way through a difficult situation in which I found myself.". Mr. Allende was killed in a 1973 military coup, which was followed by more than 16 years of military dictatorship. She had once remarked succinctly, "It takes heart to be in political life." Pat Nixon used her position as First Lady to encourage volunteer service--"the spirit of people helping people." Under this operation, the CIA amassed files on tens of thousands of American citizens or groups. Helms would call up those people, invite them to dinner or lunch and he would more or less tell them how you live through this, and believe me, they were grateful, Powers said. Mr. Nixon appointed him ambassador to Iran, a post in which Mr. Helms served until 1977, when he returned to Washington to plead no contest to charges that in 1973 he had lied to a Congressional committee about the intelligence agency's role in bringing down the Allende government. More About Julia L. Bretzman and Frank Brown Shields: Private-Begin: Private . His assignments included coverage of the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. In the title of his 1979 biography of Mr. Helms, Thomas Powers called him ''The Man Who Kept the Secrets'' (Pocket Books). He died on October 22, 2002 in Washington, District of Columbia, USA. He was discharged from military service in 1946 and continued doing intelligence work as a civilian. At Williams College, Mr. Helms excelled as a student and a leader. His father signed off with a term that he rarely used for himself. Or find other results in the 1940 census forJulia Helms. Julia was born on April 8 1907, in Indianapolis, Marion, Indiana. Helms got ensnared in Congresss investigation because a successor, William Colby, released a trove of documents, nicknamed the Family Jewels, detailing the agencys misdeeds. ,&$vP1)Pcb`. Helms, who consistently opposed that plan to oust Castro, was named head of the plans division, the third highest position in the agency. He was a force for evil in the world. In the judgment of Richard Helms, the CIA worked only for the president. Most likely, Dennis figures, his father got the stationery shortly after Germanys surrender and backdated the letter to confer historical sweep. Instead, as the controversial CIA dad and his lawyer son grew older, they relied on letters to forge the best connection they could. He made only one public speech during his years as CIA leader, telling the nation's newspaper editors that "the nation must, to a degree, take it on faith that we, too, are honorable men, devoted to her service. After he left the C.I.A. A separate inquiry by the Rockefeller Commission also faulted Mr. Helms for poor judgment for destroying documents and tape recordings that might have assisted Watergate investigators. I just wish there had been more such occasions.. At the close of World War II, top German spy Commander Reinhard Gehlen escaped the approaching Russians and fled to the Americans, bringing with him a treasure trove of Nazi and Russian intelligence files. The committee, which was led by Senator Frank Church, Democrat of Idaho, accused Mr. Helms of failing to inform his own superiors of efforts to kill the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, which the Senate panel called ''a grave error in judgment.''. And then he added, "Your questions are almost as dumb as the Committee's.". Helms was given the post of ambassador to Iran, which he held until 1977. Wife: Julia Bretzman Shields (sculptor, m. 1939, div. In addition to researching information based on North Korean field work, the CIA dug deeper, researching experiments found in captured Nazi documents. When Mr. Helms refused, according to the Powers book, Mr. Nixon forced him out and sent him to Iran as ambassador. . . The enigmatic Angleton was a very thin man, four years younger than Helms, and was known as an intellectual. He was known as a charming conversationalist, a gregarious partygoer and an accomplished dancer, and he and his wife continued to be familiar figures on the capital party scene. During his CIA years and after, Mr. Helms followed a code that stressed maximum trust and loyalty to his agency and colleagues, maximum silence where outsiders were concerned. Dennis figures, his friend Richard Helms was given the post of ambassador Iran. Invited to a family of financial means at Arlington National Ceremony on Nov. 20 was established, Helms served U.S.... one part still confuses Dennis: the letter is dated V-E day, Marion, Indiana,... Most likely, Dennis figures, his friend Richard Helms was also conducting operations that would change perceptions... Solid yet graceful posture of the leading figures of the tests being given to them operations typical! 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